you have to raise the flop, for a lot of reasons.

only AA beats you, nearly all others are looking to improve. if you call the flop you give them an easy fold to your turn bet, or let them out draw you and give you a tough call. Raise the flop and let them make the error.

If the pot grows on the flop its going to give you better equity on the turn for the shove too if they improve and raise like happened in your hand. I don't quite understand the maths though. much to learn, much to learn.