The way you fix this is to get 
reads on the player before the 
river.
People usually play drawing hands a certain way. For instance, let's
say you are dealt:
Jc Jd
and the 
flop brings:
Ts 6s 3h
You have two opponents and you are first to bet.
You bet a hearty 5xBB and get a 
call and a 
fold.
What does that 
tell you? Somone has a hand. The board looks like a
flush draw. Someone may be slowplaying 66, seeing that you have a strong 
pair.
Turn comes as 7c.
You 
check. He checks. Bingo! He's on the 
draw. A 
set or 
two pair would bet out here fearing that you might 
improve on the 
river card or that you may be on the 
flush draw yourself!
Now if another spade comes out you 
check and see what he comes 
back
with. Typically he will 
value bet you or go 
all-in to try and ellicit a 
bluff catch.
If the spade doesn't show what should you do? Alot of folks bet the 
river hoping the opp has paired along the way and may want to make a further donation. I will sometimes do this but I usually just get a 
fold unless he feels like a 
bluff. But a 
bluff here is very easy to 
catch so that doesn't worry me too much.