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Figured I'd post my delayed c-betting article I did for NutsInHo's competition here. Its not great (and obviously didnt win). I think it covers more aspects of delayed c-betting, but doesnt use the maths and ranges of the winning one. Kind of like my poker, general ideas but not really nailed down mathmatically. Anyway, enjoy and please comment:
Delayed Cbetting (in both single raised and 3bet pots, value and bluff)
I chose this topic to address as I dont believe its something a lot of other FTR posters have as part of their game, or have given much thought to. Also because whilst I've deliberately introduced it to my game over the last few months and have reasons behind when I do it, I've never really stopped and laid out those thoughts in a logical fashion. Its also a topic I've read little to nothing about. My approach to delayed c-betting has been largely self taught, so I guess its a chance to see if I'm on the right track.
Delayed c-betting to me fits more into a bigger picture, which is checking behind flop as the PFR (you could try doing it OOP but its less valuable, I'll address that later). This opens up a number of options most players dont consider, a primary one of which is the delayed c-bet, as well as granting other advantages. To quickly list some advantages:
1. Pot size manipulation
2. Range balancing
3. Exploitation
4. Deception
5. A free card
Lets look at these in more detail:
1. Pot size manipulation
By checking behind flop, we effectively cut the betting from three streets to two. If we feel we could be in a WA/WB situation, this reduces our opponents chances to raise us and put us to difficult decisions. Heres an example hand:
$0.25/$0.5 No Limit Holdem
4 players
Converted at weaktight.com
Stacks:
CO Hero ($56.60)
BTN annielp ($43.65)
SB KFR_adrian ($47.95)
BB w4ld3 ($50.00)
Pre-flop: ($0.75, 4 players) Hero is CO
Hero raises to $1.75, 1 fold, KFR_adrian calls $1.50, 1 fold
Flop: ($4, 2 players)
KFR_adrian checks, Hero checks
Turn: ($4, 2 players)
KFR_adrian checks, Hero bets $3, KFR_adrian calls $3
River: ($10, 2 players)
KFR_adrian bets $3, Hero raises to $9 ...
Villain in this hand was unknown at the time. Without a read that he's calling particularly loosely from the blinds, the concern is that we're behind his flop c/c or c/r range. QK, 55, 66 being the most likely. We'd assume he'd reraise AK pre-flop and he might have KT but not likely to have a weaker K. Flop is fairly dry, unless he's called us with a SC like 78 we're not worried about him drawing out on us. Its possible he could call a flop c-bet with hands like 88-JJ which we're ahead of, but we're unlikely to go for three streets of value with TPGK on this hand, so we can still try for two streets on turn and river rather than flop/turn or flop/river, so I dont think we lose much value checking here. On the other side if he was to raise flop. or call flop and raise turn, we're looking at playing a large pot which we'd prefer not to do. So we delay our c-bet until the turn, and I think it looks weaker now, so he's more likely to call with weaker pairs and maybe he picked up a draw. In this case he donks small on the river which I feel is more likely a missed draw or a weak hand trying to block bet so I raise for value. The main point is I was able to get two streets of value out of a hand I'd like to get two streets of value out of, and avoided the chance of playing for a big pot I didnt want to play for with the hand I had.
2. Range balancing
I definately used to have a side to my game without any balance whatsoever, and I believe most players coming up through the microstakes are the same. If I c-bet the flop I would sometimes have a hand and sometimes have air, but if I checked the flop as the PFR I would always have air. To anyone paying attention, and even just to people who like to bet, this is an open invitation to take the pot away the next chance they have to bet. I may have occassionally checked the stone cold nuts (or close) on the flop just because I had the deck crushed and wanted to give opponents a chance to improve their hand or bluff at me, but nowhere near enough to stop myself from being vey exploitable in this area. I still want to maximise value from my big hands by going for three streets of value, so by checking behind flop with some of my TP type hands I can balance things out a bit. For example, villain here is 13/3 so I dont expect a big range from him in SB:
$0.25/$0.5 No Limit Holdem
6 players
Converted at weaktight.com
Stacks:
Hero (UTG) ($76.80)
UTG 1 ($101.75)
CO ($9.45)
BTN ($17.70)
SB ($44.75)
BB ($71.24)
Pre-flop: ($0.75, 6 players) Hero is UTG
Hero raises to $1.75, 3 folds, SB calls $1.50, 1 fold
Flop: ($4, 2 players)
SB checks, Hero checks
Turn: ($4, 2 players)
SB bets $2.35, Hero calls $2.35
River: ($8.70, 2 players)
SB checks, Hero bets $5 ...
If this hand shows down then anyone taking note will see I checked back TPTK on the flop and can no longer assume that just because I check flop after being the pre-flop raiser that I'm giving up the pot.
One area most people are unbalanced in is c-betting OOP. I think a lot of people do at least some checking back IP for other reasons, if not as part of a specific balancing strategy, however OOP most people have a very polarised flop check range. Mostly air/giving up with the occasional nut hand. Most players are happy to take advantage of that by betting flop any time the PFR checks to them. A lot of the people I play against have a v's PFR check bet IP % around 80%. Its instant. By occassionally checking some medium strength hands OOP as well we can balance this, the danger here of course is that we could end up playing all three streets which can be expensive, but we can target our opponents to minimise the risk (either more passive ones who we dont expect to double/triple barrel air too much, or maniacs who we DO expect to double/triple barrel air a lot.
3. Exploitation
There are a few reads we can develop that might make us likely to check back flop. One could be that someone always bets into weakness. In this case we could check back both made hands where we let them bluff and we call, or air where we raise their bluffs. Another could be noticing someone has a rather high fold to c-bet percentage. We could be targetting that player because they fold flop a lot, but if we have a good hand ourselves we dont actually want them to fold. By checking flop maybe we can get them to call with hands on the turn that they might otherwise fold on the flop (especially an A or K high flop which weak-tight players are terrified of). In this example villain is very aggressive postflop over a smallish sample:
$0.25/$0.5 No Limit Holdem
5 players
Converted at weaktight.com
Stacks:
UTG ($9.00)
CO ($33.80)
Hero (BTN) ($70.45)
SB ($27.85)
BB ($52.55)
Pre-flop: ($0.75, 5 players) Hero is BTN
UTG calls $0.50, CO calls $0.50, Hero raises to $2, 2 folds, UTG calls $1.50, CO calls $1.50
Flop: ($6.75, 3 players)
UTG checks, CO checks, Hero checks
Turn: ($6.75, 3 players)
UTG bets $6.75, CO folds, Hero raises to $13.50, UTG calls $0.25
River: ($27.25, 2 players)
Final Pot: $27.25
UTG shows:
Hero shows:
Hero wins $26.25 ( won $10.75 )
UTG lost -$9
CO lost -$2
I've also had opponents who will only bet if they hit, and never bet if they dont. If I have position on them, I can exploit that by c-bet bluffing less and checking behind on flop then if they dont bet turn I can delay c-bet 100% of the time and expect them to fold most of the time.
4. Deception
This one kind of falls into all of the categories, but by the nature of checking back both good hands and air, we become more deceptive. Take the example hand in point 2. After a table has seen us check back TP type hands a few times, now our delayed c-bets will be even more likely to work. We've gone from a situation where opponents might be more likely to call us as we look weak, to one where opponents might be more likely to fold in case we're actually strong. If we have a hand with some showdown value (such as a mid PP) this might also mean we can get to the river before facing a bet (if then), if opponents no longer see us checking flop as an invitation to buy the pot on the turn.
5. A free card
Sometimes we get a flop texture that hits their calling range more than our raising range, so we dont think our c-bet will get any respect. If our opponent loves to limp/call with PPs for instance, and the flop is all undercards while we hold two broadways, then we may have a read that he'll float us even if he missed. If we check behind we get a free card to either improve our hand and bet for value, or bring a card that matches our flop checking range of hands (basically any broadway). We're not only drawing to our 6 outs with 2 overcards, but an additional 8-12 (depending on how scary we think a 10 will be) good scare cards also. Heres an example:
$0.5/$1 No Limit Holdem
6 players
Converted at weaktight.com
Stacks:
UTG ($98.05)
UTG 1 ($280.71)
Hero (CO) ($97.00)
BTN ($41.95)
SB ($99.00)
BB ($87.80)
Pre-flop: ($1.50, 6 players) Hero is CO
UTG calls $1, 1 fold, Hero raises to $4, 3 folds, UTG calls $3
Flop: ($9.50, 2 players)
UTG checks, Hero checks
Turn: ($9.50, 2 players)
UTG checks, Hero bets $7, UTG folds
Final Pot: $16.50
Hero wins $16.05 ( won $5.05 )
UTG lost -$4
Delayed c-betting and 3-bet pots
I havnt addressed this much. In reality most of the points stay the same, except maybe the pot size manipulation aspect not so much. You'd use it a bit on value lines such as the classic KK in 3-bet pot on A high flop situation, but generally you'd be more likely to use it in a WA/WB situation:
$0.25/$0.5 No Limit Holdem
6 players
Converted at weaktight.com
Stacks:
UTG ($55.35)
UTG 1 ($49.75)
CO ($55.10)
BTN ($51.20)
SB ($142.65)
Hero (BB) ($50.50)
Pre-flop: ($0.75, 6 players) Hero is BB
UTG raises to $1.75, 4 folds, Hero raises to $6, UTG calls $4.25
Flop: ($12.25, 2 players)
Hero checks, UTG checks
Turn: ($12.25, 2 players)
Hero bets $8, UTG calls $8
River: ($28.25, 2 players)
Hero bets $10, UTG folds
Final Pot: $38.25
Hero wins $36.85 ( won $12.85 )
UTG lost -$14
Thoughts on delayed c-betting
Reading the above it probably sounds like delayed c-betting is the greatest thing ever and you should immediately start checking back your TP hands. In reality all of those hands could be played differently. In particular I'd prefer the delayed c-bet approach with weaker kicker than the hands used. Its not the be all and end all of moves, but it should be an arrow in your quiver. It definately offers advantages, and does a great job of balancing some ranges and making you less predictable, without giving up a lot of value (and sometimes maybe gaining more value). I think its a move that should get more valuable as you move into higher stakes. At the micro->small stake levels a lot of opponents arent paying enough attention for the range balancing aspect to matter much, and you'll often do better with a c-bet flop/check turn line to get value from floaters and weaker hands. Not that range balancing doesnt matter, but we can afford to be selective about when to balance and when we just want to go for maximum value from this particular hand. As we play more thinking opponents, we naturally end up both with more opponents paying attention to us, and more likely they're paying attention to hands they're not directly involved in as well. The more attention opponents are paying, the more exploitable only checking back air becomes. So its not something we use ALL of the time, in fact we should be careful not to overuse it, but its something we should mix in some of the time.
One of the main advantages of the delayed c-bet is the effect on our opponents calling ranges. Lets take for example a somewhat decent opponent who calls our MP raise from the blinds with QJs and the flop comes KJ4 rainbow. The threat of three streets of betting, with our relatively strong range doesnt look encouraging and he may just fold flop. If he does call flop, getting him to call again on the turn is fairly unlikely unless we have a poor image or he picks up a backdoor draw. On the other hand, if we check back flop, and then bet turn, he may percieve our range as being weaker, and as such call on the turn and when faced with a half pot bet on the river decide the odds are just too good to ignore. Especially against a suspicious opponent we can exploit this to our advantage. Against opponents who we know love to chase draws, we can check back dry flops they're more likely to fold, and hope they pick up a draw on the turn they'll chase.
We can also use it as a chance to mix things up. If we've been c-betting a player a lot, we may start to sometimes use a delayed c-bet instead. This helps reinforce their perception that we're betting because we have a hand, and gee sometimes we get lucky and hit the turn instead!
Hope theres some good ideas in there. As I said at the beginning I really havnt read anything about delayed c-betting that I can recall, its a topic thats rarely discussed.
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