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The study on Jews you linked says something different than what you said. What you said is representative of a long time debunked theory of evolution called Lamarkism. The article claims a correlation between genes that cause both disease and neuronal growth with IQ, that's all.
You also seem to be confusing the most recent common ancestor with Mitochondrial Eve. The MRCA only needs to be father to all humans alive, Mitochondrial Eve is the *mother* of all humans alive. This doesn't look like it's much of a difference, but it's actually a huge difference. The MRCA would be some dude who made babies with a bunch of chicks over large regions and his children did the same thing over other regions, and soon enough the MRCA is the great great great grandfather to everybody. Mitochondrial Eve is the ONLY woman of her time to have passed on her genes to every human alive today.
Estimates are that our earliest MRCA could be 3k years, it's really likely that he's 5-6k years, and it's super unlikely that he's 10k+ years out. Shit, I could be the MRCA in like a thousand years if I made babies in every region of the world
But you are right that the amount of genes we carry from the MRCA is super small. The point is that on evolutionary scales, human ethnicities are not that far apart.
You're misunderstanding my position (and the position of most scientists). It's not that there is no heredity in IQ, and not that all lineages are the same; but that there is no concrete evidence for there being a difference in IQ based on genes along social racial lines. Just give me ten generations of selective breeding and I'll breed a lineage that has the highest IQ of all human lineages. There could be African lineages that out perform the white average. This really skews the broad brush race idea.
There are likely cognitive function of ethnicities that could be different, but we have not determined that, and even if we identified all the genes we thought were responsible, we would still have a very flawed way of fully testing said cognitive function
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