i think your draw is strong enough to make calling ok, raising is a viable play too.

you could also argue for shoving turn, but I think his gifuckingnormous typed bet would compel me to just call.

and yes you should notice when someone makes a completely out of character betsize. cbet is the most common play in poker so you should have a mental track of the standard amounts people bet. if this was the first hand i played against villain I would have instantly thought "wow big cbet," and if this were the second hand I would know if it was out of character for him. not hard stuff.