Would the fuel mass be so prohibitive if it weren't solid rocket fuel, but fissile material or some other dense fuel? I mean you're already going to need to provide the thrust required to make the craft get to cruising velocity, as well as slow the craft upon arrival, it's merely a matter of whether that thrust happens all at once at the beginning and end (which seems deadly to humans tbh) or gradually throughout the journey. This is especially the case if we're talking interstellar travel.

edit: I just realized how quick the rate of acceleration of 9.8m/s/s is. You would reach the speed of light in less than a year. If you wanted to travel at just 10% of c you would make it in like 35 days and only be like 0.25% of the way to Proxima Centauri. It seems like this method of artificial gravity would only work for very short distances.