Let's say he calls the shove and shows 44. We sigh.

My note would be something like...
"call 44 bb vs x4 from ep, b/c 4QJdd, pot T turn"

Later on I can refer to this, and if I see a similar line, I can lend his range heavy weight towards sets. Also, when he pots the flop, I can know he probably didn't flop a set, and so my overpairs look better.

Notes can be very useful, especially against bad players who play in methodical and predictable ways.