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 Originally Posted by wufwugy
A change in demand affects price but not the other two. The other two can be affected if quantity demanded/supplied and output are in disequilibrium. Virtually all non-economist pundits misuse the these terms, typically by saying "demand" when they mean "quantity demanded." A change in demand is a shift of the curve; a change in quantity demanded is movement along the demand curve. A shift in one curve doesn't shift the other, but a shift in one curve does change the quantities demanded/supplied. The curves each shift for different reasons. If we're talking aggregate demand and aggregate supply (different curves than just demand/supply), then some things can shift both, like if there is an oil supply shock, both aggregate supply and aggregate demand curves will shift left (decline).
I'd like to add something to more closely address the point you were making.
When there is a change in quantity demanded, producers certainly try to meet it, which can result in a change in production. If it's an increase then it does mean that there is an increase in prosperity, roughly speaking. However, in the aggregate context, this does not mean that a redistribution from the rich to the poor will have that same effect. Nobody knows exactly what happens in that case. The idea that redistribution can increase aggregate demand assumes things not demonstrated. It assumes a market inefficiency that is solved by the redistribution and it assumes the fall in aggregate demand resulting from the detraction of consumption/investment from one area is more than offset by the proposed increase coming from those who were given money. It assumes even more too.
This idea is plausible, but in my estimation (and of lots of economists), it is bad economist-ing. The idea doesn't fall in line that well with economic principles and the empirical evidence is quite inconclusive. The idea's legitimacy among economists is due to derivation from functions that make up the GDP equation. The functions are arbitrary and not agreed upon by all economists. A big issue here is that the functions are wrong and economists can explain why, but none know how to create more rigorous and less controversial functions. This has resulted in some economists treating the functions as if they are correct enough to treat as virtual truth.
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